Nerve damage describes harm to the nerves that carry messages between the brain and the rest of your body. When nerves are damaged, signals can be slowed, distorted, or blocked, which may affect how you feel touch, temperature, and movement. Common signs of nerve damage include numbness or tingling in the hands and feet, burning or shooting pains, heightened sensitivity, muscle weakness, and problems with balance or coordination. Because nerves can be affected in different ways, symptoms may appear in one area or spread to multiple regions. Causes of nerve damage are varied and can develop gradually or arise after an injury. Factors that contribute include physical injury or compression of nerves, infections that disrupt nerve signaling, exposure to toxins or certain medications, and systemic or autoimmune processes. Nerve damage may occur in peripheral nerves, spinal nerves, or the nerves that control motor, sensory, or autonomic functions, and the pattern of symptoms often reflects the affected nerves. Getting an accurate understanding of nerve damage requires evaluation by a professional. A clinician may review your symptoms, perform a physical exam, and order tests to identify which nerves are affected and what is driving the changes. Treatment plans are tailored to the underlying cause and the extent of nerve damage and may focus on managing symptoms, preserving function, and preventing further damage. Depending on the situation, this can involve monitoring, rehabilitation approaches, or interventions aimed at addressing contributing factors. Look for warning signs that warrant prompt medical attention, such as sudden onset of severe pain, weakness or numbness that becomes difficult to move a limb, persistent tingling or loss of sensation, or symptoms following an injury. If nerve damage is suspected, seek professional evaluation promptly to determine the best course of action. This page provides general information about nerve damage and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. To learn more about protecting your nerves, click to explore expert tips and resources.
